How will the air conditioning rule in the UK change in 2025?
Air conditioning regulations UK:
The Air conditioning regulations in the UK are undergoing significant changes in 2025, focusing on environmental sustainability, energy efficiency, and stricter compliance measures. Here is a breakdown of the key updates:
Ban on High-GWP Refrigerants in Single-Split Systems
Effective from 1 January 2025, the UK has banned the sale of new single-split air conditioning systems (with cooling capacities under 12kW) that use refrigerants with a Global Warming Potential (GWP) exceeding 750. This move targets commonly used refrigerants like R-410A and R-407C, which have GWPs of 2,088 and 1,774, respectively. The aim is to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and encourage the adoption of more environmentally friendly alternatives such as R-32 (GWP 675), R-290 (GWP ~3), and CO₂ (GWP 1)
Stricter TM44 Inspection Requirements
Buildings with air conditioning systems rated at 12kW or above are required to undergo TM44 inspections every five years. These inspections evaluate how efficiently your air conditioning system runs and confirm that it meets legal energy performance standards. In 2025, enforcement measures are being strengthened:
Increased Penalties:
Fines for non-compliance are rising from £300 to £800, with an additional £200 penalty if compliance isn’t met within seven days.
Enhanced Enforcement:
Authorities are implementing stricter enforcement mechanisms to ensure adherence to inspection requirements.
Standardized Reporting:
A more consistent and user-friendly report format is being introduced to streamline the inspection process.
Promotion of Low-Carbon Heating Systems
Under the Future Homes Standard, set to be implemented in 2025, all new homes in England are mandated to be equipped with low-carbon heating systems, such as heat pumps. This initiative aims to reduce carbon emissions from heating and align with the UK’s broader climate goals.
Ventilation Standards Enhancement
The Future Homes Standard also brings updates to ventilation requirements:
Higher Ventilation Rates:
Mechanical ventilation systems in new homes must provide a minimum of 30 litres per second per person.
Background Ventilation:
A minimum equivalent of 5,000 mm² per room is required for background ventilation, ensuring adequate airflow when mechanical systems are not in operation.
Compliance and Enforcement
Failing to follow these guidelines can lead to heavy penalties. That is why it is essential for businesses, facility managers, and homeowners to:
Audit Existing Systems:
Evaluate units using high-GWP refrigerants and determine if replacement or retrofitting is necessary.
Plan Future Installations:
Make sure new air conditioning systems adhere to the GWP limit.
Stay Informed:
Keep abreast of regulatory changes to avoid unexpected costs and legal challenges.
What Is a TM44 Inspection?
A TM44 inspection is indispensable for certifying that air conditioning systems over 12kW work professionally and officially. It helps identify energy waste, reduce carbon emissions, and cut running costs. The assessment is necessary every five years to confirm adherence to UK energy regulations. Non-compliance can lead to fines up to £800. Beyond legal obligations, it’s a smart move for businesses aiming to improve energy performance and meet sustainability targets. The report also offers practical recommendations to extend system lifespan and improve building comfort. In short, a TM44 inspection protects your business, your budget, and the environment.
The name comes from CIBSE TM44, the official guidance document published by the Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers.
Why It Matters
- Reduce energy use
- Cut carbon emissions
- Identify ways to improve efficiency
- Ensure compliance with energy regulations
They’re also part of the UK’s broader plan to hit climate targets and reduce wasteful energy use in buildings.
How It Works
A qualified energy assessor inspects your system and produces a report. This includes:
- System efficiency and condition
- Controls and how they’re used
- Opportunities to reduce consumption
You’ll get practical recommendations—some may be as simple as adjusting timers or controls, and others might suggest equipment upgrades.
How Often?
You must get a TM44 inspection at least every 5 years. If you install a new system or make major changes, a new inspection may be required sooner.
Penalties for Non-Compliance
From 2025, penalties are tightening. Fines for missing inspections can now reach £800, and councils are stepping up enforcement.
If your property uses air conditioning above 12kW, a TM44 inspection isn’t optional—it’s a legal requirement. And ignoring it could cost you more than just energy.
Conclusion
The 2025 changes to the UK’s air conditioning regulations signify a decisive move towards environmental responsibility and energy efficiency. By understanding and adapting to these changes, stakeholders can ensure compliance, contribute to sustainability goals, and future-proof their investments.
KTIC Solutions is recognized for its expertise in TM44 inspections, which are mandatory assessments for air conditioning systems with a combined cooling output over 12kW. These inspections help organizations identify energy-saving opportunities and ensure compliance with energy performance regulations.